![]() The popularity of stucco as a cheap, and readily available material meant that by the 1920s, it was used for an increasing variety of building types. The fad for Spanish Colonial Revival, and other variations on this theme, was especially important in furthering stucco as a building material in the United States during this period, since stucco clearly looked like adobe.Īlthough stucco buildings were especially prevalent in California, the Southwest and Florida, ostensibly because of their Spanish heritage, this period also spawned stucco-coated, revival-style buildings all over the United States and Canada. Beginning about 1890 and gaining momentum into the 1930s and 1940s, stucco was associated with certain historic architectural styles, including: Prairie Art Deco, and Art Moderne Spanish Colonial, Mission, Pueblo, Mediterranean, English Cotswold Cottage, and Tudor Revival styles as well as the ubiquitous bungalow and "four-square" house. The introduction of the many revival styles of architecture around the turn of the twentieth century, combined with the improvement and increased availability of portland cement resulted in a "craze" for stucco as a building material in the United States. All of these are regional variations on traditional mixtures of mud, clay, lime, chalk, cement, gravel or straw. Other historic treatments and coatings related to stucco in that they consist at least in part of a similarly plastic or malleable material include: parging and pargeting, wattle and daub, "cob" or chalk mud, pise de terre, rammed earth, briquete entre poteaux or bousillage, half-timbering, and adobe. "Render" and "rendering" are also terms used to describe stucco, especially in Great Britain. By the nineteenth century "stucco," although originally denoting fine interior ornamental plasterwork, had gained wide acceptance in the United States to describe exterior plastering. Historically, the term "plaster" has often been interchangeable with "stucco" the term is still favored by many, particularly when referring to the traditional lime-based coating. Up until the late 1800's, stucco, like mortar, was primarily lime-based, but the popularization of portland cement changed the composition of stucco, as well as mortar, to a harder material. Still widely used throughout the world, it is one of the most common of traditional building materials. Stucco has been used since ancient times. Although several stucco mixes are representative of different periods are provided here for reference Each project is unique, with its own set of problems that require individual solutions Successful stucco repair requires the skill and experience of a professional plasterer. ![]() Stucco is a material of deceptive simplicity: in most cases its repair should not be undertaken by a property owner unfamiliar with the art of plastering. ![]() Like most historic building materials, stucco is at the mercy of the elements, and even though it is a protective coating, it is particularly susceptible to water damage. Age and lack of maintenance hasten the deterioration of many historic stucco buildings. Historic stucco is also sometimes incorrectly viewed as a sacrificial coating, and consequently removed to reveal stone, brick or logs that historically were never intended to be exposed. It is so common, in fact, that it frequently goes unnoticed, and is often disguised or used to imitate another material. ![]() Stucco is found in many forms on historic structures throughout the United States. The term "stucco" is used to describe a type of exterior plaster applied as a two-or-three part coating directly onto masonry, or applied over wood or metal lath to a log or wood frame structure. ![]()
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